Alpha-gal syndrome, a life-threatening allergy to meat triggered by tick bites, is becoming increasingly common. The condition was first linked to a particular species of ticks about 15 years ago, but cases are rising as more people report symptoms such as hives, diarrhea, and itchiness after eating meat.

What Causes Alpha-Gal Syndrome?

The allergy occurs when the human immune system triggers an allergic response to a type of sugar, known as alpha-gal, found in the meat of most mammals. When ticks bite through the skin, they can introduce the sugar directly into the bloodstream, leading to the development of antibodies that attack alpha-gal sugar molecules.

People who develop the antibodies will often experience a strong allergic reaction a few hours after consuming meat or dairy. However, it can take weeks or months for the problem to develop, with the severity of symptoms often increasing over time.

Treatments and Precautions

Doctors generally advise patients to avoid beef, pork, lamb, and other meats from mammals. Some people are still able to consume dairy products from these animals, but those with severe reactions may need to avoid foods made with other animal byproducts.

In 2024, the FDA approved an injectable drug called Xolair for a variety of food allergies, including alpha-gal syndrome. The drug does not reverse the condition but helps reduce severe allergic reactions after accidental exposure to meat.

Original reporting: 40/29 / KHBS (NW Arkansas) — read the source article.