The United States is facing a significant challenge in securing a reliable supply of tungsten, a critical mineral used in various industries, including defense, aerospace, and energy. With a melting point of approximately 6,177 F, tungsten is exceptionally dense, hard, and resistant to wear, making it valuable in cutting and drilling tools, electronics, and military applications.

Dependence on China

China has long dominated global tungsten mining and processing, accounting for roughly four-fifths of global tungsten production. In February 2025, Beijing imposed export controls covering a range of tungsten-related products, adding uncertainty and friction to international supply. As a result, Chinese tungsten exports declined sharply, and prices rose significantly.

The benchmark price for Ammonium Paratungstate (APT) delivered to Rotterdam and Baltimore increased from approximately $335 per metric ton unit in January 2025 to $2,900-$3,210 per metric ton unit in June 2026, an increase of approximately 810%.

US-Australia Partnership

To address this issue, the United States and Australia have established a formal policy framework to accelerate investment in critical mineral mines, processing facilities, and secure supply chains. The framework, signed in October 2025, aims to support minerals required by the countries’ defense industries, advanced-technology manufacturers, and wider industrial bases.

The partnership includes coordinated investment, government financing support, faster permitting, offtake arrangements, and measures to address unfair trade practices and distorted commodity pricing. The two countries have committed to providing at least $1 billion each in financing for projects located in the two countries.

Original reporting: El Paso News (HLL/CB) — read the source article.